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Ekranoplan "AQUAGLIDE"
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Small five-seat passenger ekranoplan
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| Length overall, m | 10,66 | Maximum displacement, kg | 2400 | |
| Overall width, m | 5,9 | Laden mass, kg | 2010 | |
| Height overall, m | 3,35 | Deadweight, kg | 506 | |
| Width of midsection, m | 1,4 |
including: |
||
| Crew, pers. | 1 |
Crew and equipment, kg |
106 | |
| Seating capacity, pers. | 4 |
Payload, kg |
300 | |
| Cruising speed, km/h | 150-170 |
Fuel, kg |
100 | |
| Distance (range>), km | 350-450 | Hull material | fiberglass |
| Cabin size: | ||
| Length, mm | 3150 | from dash board to rear bulkhead |
| Width, mm | 1270 / 1190 | at first seats row / at second seats row |
| Height, mm | 1470 / 1375 | at first seats row / at second seats row |
| Passenger seats: | ||
| Aisle, mm | 280 / 200 | at first seats row / at second seats row |
| Seats pitch, mm | 350 | between first and secon seats rows |
| Seat size (WxL), mm | 440 x 400 |
Mercedes Benz V8 water-cooled gasoline car
engine, 326 hp or diesel engine of the same producer of 313 hp are
used as a power plant. Fuel consumption for cruising mode is about
32 kg per hour.
Power transmission from engine to two propellers
is effected through central and two side gearboxes. The maximum
torque on each output shaft is 335 Nm. Side gearboxes together with
propellers can turn between 0 and 60 degrees relating to hull.
Fore-bladed propellers of variable pitch with 1400 mm. diameter
ensure maximum thrust of 225 kg. each
Take off and movement of WIG-craft in cruise mode is provided at
height of waves up to 0,3 m and wind speed up to 5 m/sec. Free
drifting of ekranoplan hull is provided at height of waves up to
1,25 m and wind speed up to 7 m/sec.
Ekranoplan can move in shallow water and
get up on unequipped coastal aria with inclination of up to 5
degrees. Movement over land and getting out off the water is
effected at speed of 10-15 km/h.
The high maneuverability of «Aquaglide-5» is equipped by the
mechanism of propellers’ feathering. The radius of WIG-crafts’ turn
at low speed in displacement mode and at maximal feathering of
propellers achieves not more than 1 length of hull. In addition to
feathering mechanism, the retractable water rudder can be used while
maneuvering at low speed. The total turn at cruising speed comprises
not more than 1400 m. Radius of turn on the ground comprises 0,5
length of hull.
Ekranoplan consists of following parts: hull, wing
with flaps, skegs – ending parts of wings, keels with rudders,
stabilizer. The main elements of frame are made from corrosion
resistant materials and alloys (fiberglass, polyfoam, polyurethane
foams, aluminum-magnesium alloys, stainless steel). All compartments
are two insides painted. Load-carrying elements (frames, stringers,
ribs, walls) are made of composite material. To increase hull’s
rigidity in whole and strength of load-carrying parts - frames, main
engine foundation, longitudinal beams, front part stringers,
centre-section ribs, tow attachment - are made of aluminum alloy.
Wing consists of centre-section, two outer wings
and four sectional flaps. Outer wings are bolted joint to
centre-section. Air shock-absorbing devices (balloons) are attached
to the left and right skegs which are the integral part of wings.
Rudders placed on keels are synchronously turned
on maximum angle of 30 degrees to each board. Rudders are most
effective at cruising speeds.
Wing flaps are displaced on angle of up to 20 degrees by electric
actuator and bell cranks.
Ekranoplan is equipped with anchor weighing 10 kg
and anchor tow, which consists of two parts of 25 meters each. When
mooring the anchor tow is fixed by range cleat, placed on the wing.
For WIG-craft mooring four range cleats,
placed fixed on the wing in front and stern parts 2 pieces on-board,
are provided. For towing there is a bracket in front part of
WIG-craft to which tow is connected.
Air shock-absorbing device is an inflatable construction that
consists of three airballons-pontoons, fixed on the bottom of hull
and skegs. The volume of airballons, their location relatively to
the center of gravity and level of overpressure in airballons,
created by pressure-charging system, provide for WIGE-craft good
hydrostatic, amortizing and amphibious characteristics. Pressure in
airballons during navigation is supported within the range of
2,0-2,5 kPa, while amphibious operations – within the range of
1,0-1,5 kPa. The volume of one side airballon is - 0.97 cubic
meters, of central airballon - 1,05 cubic meters.
The air conditioning system provides conditioning
and ventilation regimes of passenger compartment. Switching of the
systems’ modes is implemented by variation of air valves position
from driver panel.
The heating system is intended for heating of
passenger compartment by car type heater. Salon is heated only while
engine operating.
Hydraulic system is designed for injections of
working fluid into hydraulic driving gear of propellers turn,
variation of side gear transmission angle, inlet or outlet of water
wheel.
Oil tank of 1 liter value and gear pump with the
capacity of 6-8,5 liter/min under pressure 110 kg/sm2 are
included in hydraulic system.
Pressure-charging system (PCS) is intended for
air inflation and support of necessary air pressure level in central
and side airballons. Two air pumps, valves of airballones and air
transmitting channels are included in PCS.
Fire extinguisher system provides both an
automatic activating and manual control of fire extinguisher from
the driver panel through switches «1» and «2». While fire
extinguishers activating they spray aerosol particles that reduce
oxygen concentration in motor compartment and cover surfaces by
protection coating that blocks the oxygen access. providing
protection coating. After fire extinguishers activating aerosol
coating can be easily removed from the surfaces by vacuum equipment
or washed with water. Equipment aerosol particles do not influence
harmfully on materials and, they are harmless to humans.
Speed indicator feed system is to transfer
dynamic and static pressure of the air pressure in the receiver
pointer speed.
Windscreen cleaning system consists of double speed windscreen wiper
with the gearbox, reservoir with electric pump, two dampers
connected with reservoir by plastic tube.
On-board power supply system ensures
all devices with direct current (DC) of 12V and 27V. Voltage of 12V
is being distributed between the related devises of power plant,
ventilation and air cooling system, signal horn and fire
extinguisher system. Voltage of 27V is provided for signal lights,
radionavigation equipment, lighting, WIG-craft movement control
system, air pumps pressure-charging system and fire extinguisher
system.
The power supply is provided by the following
sources:
- rechargeable battery of 12 V and 70 AH capacity intended for engine start and
emergency power supply of all 12 V devices,
- rechargeable battery of 24V, consisting of two 12 V batteries of 50 AH capacity
intended for emergency power supply of all 27 V devices,
- Generator (Bosch) with inside rectifier and regulator producing 13-14,2 V.
Generator with inside rectifier and regulator producing 27-31 V
Communications, navigation and signalization
VHF band digital
transceiver is installed on WIG-craft to provide for local two-side
radio communication with ships and shore service, and automatic alarm.
The transceiver operates within frequency band of 156,025 - 159,175 MHz – in transmitting
mode and 156,025 - 163,275 MHz - in receiving mode. The
transmitters’ power supply is provided by 27 V system.
Ekranoplan
positioning is provided by GPS / GLONASS satellite navigation
receiver. Satellite navigation system can also determine the speed
and travel time, regardless of weather.
Indicator of
navigation system is placed on the left side of driving panel.
To provide ship heading there is magnetic compass on ekranoplan that
shows true or magnetic courses. For the convenience of communication
sessions the transceiver is connected to driver headset, and it can
be switched on or off by button, located on the knob.
To provide
communication sessions, including emergency situations, there are
two sets of two-way VHF band radio transceiver operating in
frequency band of 156,300 - 159,850
MHz.
Radiophones are located on driver workplace.
On the ekranoplan
there is emergency radio buoy that conveys alarm signal to
satellites of the COSPAS - SARSAT. To provide the transceiver
operation two antennas of VHF and VHF DSC are installed on WIG-craft.
WIG-craft signal means include:
- signal lights (circular white light lamp, combined green and red
lights on-board lamp, flashing circular red light lamp);
- sound-signal;
- alarm parachuting rockets of red light;
- floating smoke pellet;
- red light falseflare;
- special waterproof electric lamp to be used as portable signal lamp;
- black ball, placed on the roof of passenger compartment as a signal
of ekranoplan parking at anchor in daily time.
Operation conditions and basic supplying
Ekranoplan is intended for operation in daylight
time alongside 20 miles of coastal zone with an allowable distance
between the places of refuge not more than 100 miles.
Operating temperature span: -30C to +35C
"Aquaglide" design allows of its mooring to any
equipped berths or getting out off costal aria for passengers
boarding and unloading, maintenance and home location. Standard
location for "Aquaglide" is shore location.
Short-term parking on the coastal area is
provided by ekranoplan placement on airballoons of air
shock-absorbing system, long term – by WIG-craft placement on
keel-blocks situated under the bottom of wing or on special wheels
that are used also for easy ground transportation. Lifting and
fitting of WIG-craft on wheels is carried out by pneumo adjustable
jack.
When disassembled for transportation (parting-off stabilizer, keels,
rudders, screws, outer wing) WIG-craft can be fitted into 40 feet
cargo container.
Intellectual property of JSC "ATTK", gained during WIG-craft creation,
is protected by Russian and international patents on a design and
main inventions.
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